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4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

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A. M. GRANGER.

WATER ELEVATING APPARATUS.

No. 317,639. Patented May 12, 1885.

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7 WATER BLEVATING APPARATUS. No. 317,639. Patented May 12, 1885.

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4 Sheets-Sheet a. A. M. GRANGER.

WATER ELEVATING APPARATUS.

(No Model.)

No. 317,639. Patented May 12, 1885.

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4 Sheets-Sl1eel; 4. A. M. GRANGER.

WATER ELEVATING APPARATUS. No. 317,639.

Patented May 12, 1885.

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llnirre o STATES PATENT Orrice.

ALMON M. GRANGER, OF MEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASS IGNOR OF ONE- THIRD TO JAMES CLAYTON, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK.

WATER-ELEVATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,639, dated May 12, 1885.

Application filed February 4, 1885.

.T 0 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALMON M. GRANGER, of Medford, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in ater-Elevating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide an improved system of water-distribution, wherein water is raised from a reservoir and forced through a series of supply-pipes by means of compressed air.

The invention consists in the improved water-service system and water-forcing apparatus which I shall now proceed to describe.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, Figure 1 represents a diagram showing the location of the parts of the apparatus and a system of water-supply pipes. Fig. 2 represents an elevation of parts of the apparatus. Figs. 3 and4 represent, respectively, side and top views of the waterforcing apparatus. Fig. 5 represents a perspective View of the same. Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 represent detail views. Fig. 10 represents a modification.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, a a a a, Fig. 2, represent reservoirs for compressed air connected by a pipe, b, with any suitable forcing apparatus, whereby air under pressure may be forced into said reservoirs. There may be one or any other desired number of these reservoirs. I have shown four in the present case, each being made of plates of boiler-iron.

0 represents a pipe extending from the reservoirs a to the water-forcing apparatus,which is composed of a cylindrical chamber or re ceiver, 6, located below the level of the water in the pond or reservoir f from which water is to be raised, so that the water will flow naturally or by gravitation into said chamber. The pipe 0 enters the casing of a three-way valve, j, which casing is connected with a branch pipe, 0 entering the upper portion of the chamber 6, and also with an exhaust-pipe, u.

9 represents a pipe which conducts water from the'reservoir to the chamber a.

it represents a pipe through which water is 5 expelled from the chamber 6. The entrance (No model.)

of compressed air intothe chamber a is controlled by the three-way valve j in the pipe 0 and a lever, 7c, pivoted to an arm or bracket on the chamber 0, said lever being connected by a rod, Z, with an arm, n, affixed to the stem 55 of the valve, and having at one end a hollow ball or reservoir, p, which is connected by flexible pipes q r with the lower and upper \Vhen said chamfilled with Water through the flexible pipe q, and depresses the end of the lever is, to which it is attached, thus causing the rod Zto depress the arm n and turn the valve, so as to allow compressed air to enter the chamber 6 through the branch 0 The compressed air forces the water from the chamber e through the pipe h, a valve, 8, (shown in Fig. 5,) preventing the Water from being forced back into the pipe 9.

The water at the same time escapes from the 0 movable reservoir go through the pipe q, thus depriving the reservoir of the weight that before depressed it, and enabling a counterweight, t, to depress the opposite end of the lever, and thus raise the rod Z and turn the valve so as to shut off the air from the chamber, and at the same time connect the branch 0 with the exhaust-pipe u, the three-wayvalve being of such construction that it will connect the branch 0 with the pipe 0 when in. one position, and will connect the branch 0 with the exhaust-pipe when in the other position. A suitable valve for this'purpose is shown in the patent to B. Fitts, No. 27 2,421. \Vater, therefore, enters the chamber 6 through the pipe 9,

the air in said chamber escaping through the exhaust-pipe u. WVhen the chamber 6 is filled, the reservoir p is also filled with water through the pipe q, theair in said reservoir passing out through the pipe 7. water causes the reservoir to fall,as before described, turning the lever 70 and again admitting compressed air to the chamber 6 and causing the expulsion of the water therefrom,

and so on, the chamber 6 being alternately 5 filled and emptied as long as the supply of compressed air is kept up. The water thus expelled from the chamber 6 passes through the pipe t to the elevated supply-pipes, from which it is delivered for use, the presence of ICO The weight of the the compressed air being sufficient to raise the water to a considerable distance above the level of the reservoir. The pipez' may be 0011- nected directly to the chamber 6, in which case the water would be impelled through it intermittently, the impulse being interrupted While the chamber is filling. I prefer, however, for the purpose of securing a continuous passage of water through the pipe 2',to connect said pipe to the lower section of an air-chamber, d, which is connected with the chamber 6 by a pipe, h, the water expelled from the chamber 6 passing first into the chamber (1, and from thence through the pipe 2'. The chamber (2 always contains air under pressure, which acts on the water remaining in said chamber after the water ceases to flow from the chamber 6, and forces such water out through the pipe Z while the chamber 6 is refilling, thus maintaining a continuous flow to the distributing-pipes. The pipe h, through which the water enters the chamber d, is larger than the pipe 13, so that a sufficient quantity of water will accumulate in the chamber 01 to keep up the supply through the pipe i while the chamber 0 is refilling. A branch pipe, 0 connects the air-supply pipe 0 with a casing, c", on the chamber (1. Said pipe communicates with the interior of said casing only througha tubular plug, d in the top of said casing. A valve, a, on a rod, 1), attached to a float, (2, within the chamber (Z, controls the admission of compressed air into said chamber, the rod b passing through the plug 01 and causing the valve to seat itself on the plug and prevent the admission of air when the water in the chamber (1 is below a given level, and to rise and admit air through the plug when the water in the chamber rises above said level. These devices automatically admit compressed air into the chamber (1 when the supply therein is diminished by leakage or by absorption, so that the water when introduced into the chamber rises above the level required to raise the float. So long as a sufficient supply of compressed air is present in the chamber d the water accumulatingtherein does not act on the float; hence the float is only raised when it becomes necessary to replenish the air-supply in the chamber d. A valve, '0, in the chamber cl prevents the water from flowing back from said chamber through the pipe h. p

The piper may communicate with a system of distributing or supply pipes .arranged in any suitable manner. In Fig. l I have shown said distributing-pipesp, by dotted lines, ex tending through a series of buildings, 0", to be supplied with water.

I have shown a modification in Fig. 10, in which a chamber, 0, is submerged in the water to be raised, such water being, for example, contained in a well. Two levers, 7c, are pivoted upon the exterior of said chamber and provided with the reservoir 1), as in the apparatus previously shown; but said levers are profilling the reservoir ,1) through'the flexible pipe q, the air in said reservoir escaping therefrom through the pipe 0". When the reservoir is thus deprived of the buoyancy of the air, it falls and thus turns the valve so as to admit the compressed air to the chamber. The water in the chamber is therefore expelled through the pipe 2', which conducts it to the elevated point or points where it is desired for use. \Vhen the water is nearly expelled from the chamber, it flows from the reservoir 1) and air enters it through the pipe 1". The buoyancy of the air raises the reservoir in the Water surrounding it, such air being the equivalent of the counter-weight t in the other apparatus. The upward movement of the reservoir-turns the valve so as to shut off the compressed air, whereupon the chamber is again filled, and so on. The opening through which the chamber is filled is preferably considerably larger than that through which the water is discharged, so that the chamber may be filled more rapidly than it is emptied. A pipe, r, conducts from the exhaust-pipe any water that may be forced into the latter. A rod or post, 8, supports the pipe 0 and valvej. Glass gage-pipes t 15, connected with the chambers e d, indicate the height of water therein. A pipe, 0, connected with a pressuregage, it, indicates the pressure in the chamber d. A pressure-gage, c, indicates the pressure in the supplypipe c.

I claim- 1. In a waterelevating apparatus, the com bination of a receiving-chamber into which water flows naturally, means for supplying compressed air to said chamber, a valve controlling the admission of the compressed air, a vertically-movable reservoir connected with the valve by means substantially as described, and alternately filled with water and air, and a delivery-pipeleading from said chamber, as set forth.

2. In a water-elevating apparatus, the combination of a receiving-chamber into which water flows naturally, means for supplying compressed air to said chamber, a valve con trolling the admission of the compressed air, a lever having a reservoir which is filled alternately wit-h water and air and is connected with the valve so as to operate the latter, and a pipe for the passage of water from the chamber, as set forth.

3. In a water-elevating apparatus, the combination of a receiving-chamber into which water flows naturally, means for supplying compressed air to said chamber, a lever hav- IIO ' mit compressed air into the chamber when the ing a reservoir which is alternately filled with water and air and is connected with the valve so as to operate the latter, a secondary chamber connected with the water-receiving chamber and with the compressed-air supply, and a fioatvalve, whereby the compressed air is excluded from the secondary chamber when the water therein falls below a given level, as set forth.

4. In a water-elevating apparatus, the combination of a receiving-chamber into which water falls naturally, a compressed-air-supply pipe and an air exhaust or outlet pipe for said chamber controlled by a valve common to both pipes, a movable reservoir into which water and air are alternately admitted, as described, and a connection between said lever and valve, whereby the latter is turned to adlever is depressed and to shut off the compressed air and open the exhaust-pipe when the lever is raised, as set forth.

5. A water-supply system consisting of a chamber into which water flows naturally, means for supplying compressed air to said chamber, alever having a reservoir into which water and air are alternately admitted, as described, a valve operated by said lever to alternately admit and exclude the compressed air, and a series of elevated supply-pipes through which water is forced from said chamber by the air-pressure, as set forth.

6. The combination of the chamber 6, having a compressed-air-supply pipe and an exhaust or 'air escape pipe, a three-way valve common to both pipes, a pivoted lever outside of said chamber, a reservoir secured to the lever and connected by flexible pipes to the upper and lower portions of the chamber, and a connection, substantially as described, between said lever and the valve, whereby the latter is operated by the movements of the lever, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification,in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 26th day of January, 1885.

ALMON M. GRANGER.

WVitnesses:

O. F. BROWN, H. BROWN. 

